Martin A. Nowak

All Publications


1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
2007 2008

    1989

  1. Nowak M, P Schuster (1989). Error thresholds of replication in finite populations. Mutation frequencies and the onset of Muller's ratchet. J theor Biol 137: 375-395. (PDF)
  2. Nowak M, K Sigmund (1989). Game-dynamical aspects of the prisoner's dilemma. Appl Math Comp 30: 191-213. (PDF)
  3. Nowak M, K Sigmund (1989). Oscillations in the evolution of reciprocity. J theor Biol 137: 21-26. (PDF)

    4. 1990

  4. Nowak M (1990). An evolutionarily stable strategy may be inaccessible. J theor Biol 142: 237-241. (PDF)
  5. Nowak M (1990). HIV mutation rate. Nature 347: 522. (PDF)
  6. Nowak M (1990). Stochastic strategies in the prisoner's dilemma. Theor Popul Biol 38: 93-112. (PDF)
  7. Nowak MA, RM May, RM Anderson (1990). The evolutionary dynamics of HIV quasispecies and the development of immunodeficiency disease. AIDS 4: 1095-1103. (PDF)
  8. Nowak M, K Sigmund (1990). The evolution of stochastic strategies in the prisoner's dilemma. Acta Appl Math 20: 247-265. (PDF)

    9. 1991

  9. Kwiatkowski D, M Nowak (1991). Periodic and chaotic host-parasite interactions in human malaria. P Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 5111-5113. (PDF)
  10. Magurran AE, MA Nowak (1991). Another battle of the sexes: The consequences of sexual asymmetry in mating costs and predation risk in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Proc R Soc B 246: 31-38. (PDF)
  11. Nowak M (1991). The evolution of viruses. Competition between horizontal and vertical transmission of mobile genes. J theor Biol 150: 339-347. (PDF)
  12. Nowak MA, RM Anderson, A R McLean, T Wolfs, J Goudsmit, RM May (1991). Antigenic diversity thresholds and the development of AIDS. Science 254: 963-369. (PDF)
  13. Nowak MA, RM May (1991). Mathematical biology of HIV infections: antigenic variation and diversity threshold. Math Biosci 106: 1-21. (PDF)
  14. Nowak MA, AR McLean (1991). A mathematical model of vaccination against HIV to prevent development of AIDS. Proc R Soc B 246: 141-146. (PDF)

    15. 1992

  15. McLean AR, MA Nowak (1992). Competition between zidovudine sensitive and resistant strains of HIV. AIDS 6: 71-79. (PDF)
  16. McLean AR, MA Nowak (1992). Models of interactions between HIV and other pathogens. J theor Biol 155: 69-86. (PDF)
  17. Nowak MA (1992). Variability in HIV infections. J theor Biol 155: 1-20. (PDF)
  18. Nowak MA (1992). What is a quasispecies? Trends Ecol Evol 7: 118-121. (PDF)
  19. Nowak MA, RM May (1992). Coexistence and competition in HIV infections. J theor Biol 159: 329-342. (PDF)
  20. Nowak MA, RM May (1992). Evolutionary games and spatial chaos. Nature 359: 826-829. (PDF)
  21. Nowak MA , K Sigmund (1992). Tit for tat in heterogeneous populations. Nature 355: 250-253. (PDF)
  22. Nowak MA, K Tarczy-Hornoch, JM Austyn (1992). The optimal number of major histocompatibility complex molecules in an individual. P Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 10896-10899. (PDF)
  23. Payne RJH, MA Nowak, BS Blumberg (1992). Analysis of a cellular model to account for the natural history of infection by the hepatitis B virus and its role in the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. J theor Biol 159: 215-240. (PDF)
  24. Sheratt JA, MA Nowak (1992). Oncogenes, anti-oncogenes and the immune response to cancer: A mathematical model. Proc R Soc B 248: 261-271. (PDF)

    25. 1993

  25. Nowak MA, RM May (1993). AIDS pathogenesis: Mathematical models of HIV and SIV infections. AIDS 7: S3-S18. (PDF)
  26. Nowak MA, RM May (1993). The spatial dilemmas of evolution. Int J Bifurcat Chaos 3: 35-78. (PDF)
  27. Nowak MA, AR McLean (1993). Mathematical models for the pathogenesis of AIDS. In Mathematics Applied to Biology and Medicine, eds. J Demongeot, V Capasso. Winnepeg: Wuerz, 275-284.
  28. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1993). A strategy of win-stay, lose-shift that outperforms tit-for-tat in Prisoner's Dilemma. Nature 364: 56-58. (PDF)
  29. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1993). Chaos and the evolution of cooperation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 5091-5094. (PDF)

    30. 1994

  30. Berry RM, MA Nowak (1994). Defective escape mutants of HIV. J theor Biol 171: 387-395. (PDF)
  31. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1994). Intra-host versus inter-host selection: Viral strategies of immune function impairment. P Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 8062-8066. (PDF)
  32. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1994). Mutation and the evolution of virulence. Proc R Soc B 258: 133-140. (PDF)
  33. May RM, MA Nowak (1994). Superinfection, metapopulation dynamics, and the evolution of diversity. J theor Biol 170: 95-114. (PDF)
  34. Moxon ER, PB Rainey, MA Nowak, RE Lenski (1994). Adaptive evolution of highly mutable loci in pathogenic bacteria. Curr Biol 4: 24-33. (PDF)
  35. Nowak MA (1994). The evolutionary dynamics of HIV infections. In First European Congress of Mathematics, Vol II, eds. A Joseph, F Mignot, F Murat, B Prum, R Rentschler. Basel: Birkhauser, 311-326.
  36. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, RM May (1994). More spatial games. Int J Bifurcat Chaos 4: 33-56. (PDF)
  37. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, RM May (1994). Spatial games and the maintenance of cooperation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 4877-4881. (PDF)
  38. Nowak MA, RM May (1994). Superinfection and the evolution of parasite virulence. Proc R Soc B 255: 81-89. (PDF)
  39. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1994). The alternating prisoner's dilemma. J theor Biol 168: 219-226. (PDF)
  40. Payne RJH, MA Nowak, BS Blumberg (1994). A cellular model to explain the pathogenesis of infection by the hepatitis B virus. Math Biosci 123: 25-58. (PDF)
  41. Tilman D, RM May, CL Lehman, MA Nowak (1994). Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371: 65-66. (PDF)

    42. 1995

  42. Bonhoeffer S, EC Holmes, MA Nowak (1995). Causes of HIV diversity. Nature 376: 125. (PDF)
  43. Bonhoeffer S, EC Holmes, MA Nowak (1995). Varying selection pressure in HIV-1 infection. J Acq Immun Def Synd 10: 85.
  44. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1995). Can live attenuated virus work as post-exposure treatment? Immunol Today 16: 131-135. (PDF)
  45. Lipsitch M, EA Herre, MA Nowak (1995). Host population structure and the evolution of virulence: A "law of diminishing returns". Evolution 49: 743-748. (PDF)
  46. Lipsitch M, MA Nowak (1995). The evolution of virulence in sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS. J theor Biol 174: 427-440. (PDF)
  47. Lipsitch M, MA Nowak, D Ebert, RM May (1995). The population dynamics of vertically and horizontally transmitted parasites. Proc R Soc B 260: 321-327. (PDF)
  48. May RM, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1995). Spatial games and evolution of cooperation. In Advances in Artificial Life, eds. F Moran, A Moreno, J J Merelo, P Chacon. Berlin: Springer, 749-759.
  49. May RM, MA Nowak (1995). Coinfection and the evolution of parasite virulence. Proc R Soc B 261: 209-215. (PDF)
  50. McMichael AJ, S Rowland-Jones, P Klenerman, et al (1995). Epitope variation and T-cell recognition. J Cell Biochem Suppl S21A: 60.
  51. Nowak MA (1995). AIDS pathogenesis: From models to viral dynamics in patients. J Acq Immun Def Syn 10: S1-S5. (PDF)
  52. Nowak M (1995). Evolutionary dynamics of HIV infections. In Models for Infectious Human Diseases, eds. V Isham, G Medley. Cambridge University Press.
  53. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, C Loveday, P Balfe, M Semple, S Kaye, M Tenant-Flowers, R Tedder (1995). HIV results in the frame: Results confirmed. Nature 375: 193. (PDF)
  54. Nowak MA, RM May, RE Phillips, S Rowland-Jones, DG Lalloo, S McAdam, P Klenerman, B Köppe, K Sigmund, CRM Bangham, AJ McMichael (1995). Antigenic oscillations and shifting immunodominance in HIV-1 infections. Nature 375: 606-611. (PDF)
  55. Nowak MA, RM May, K Sigmund (1995). Immune responses against multiple epitopes. J theor Biol 175: 325-353. (PDF)
  56. Nowak MA, RM May, K Sigmund (1995). The arithmetics of mutual help. Sci Am 272: 76-81. (PDF)
  57. Nowak MA, AJ McMichael (1995). How HIV defeats the immune system. Sci Am 273: 58-65. (PDF)
  58. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1995). Invasion dynamics of the finitely repeated prisoner's dilemma. Game Econ Behav 11: 364-390. (PDF)
  59. Nowak M, K Sigmund, E El-Sedy (1995). Automata, repeated games and noise. J Math Biol 33: 703-722. (PDF)
  60. Wei X, SK Ghosh, ME Taylor, VA Johnson, EA Emini, P Deutsch, JD Lifson, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak, BH Hahn, MS Saag, GM Shaw (1995). Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Nature 373: 117-122. (PDF)

    61. 1996

  61. Antia R, MA Nowak, RM Anderson (1996). Antigenic variation and the within-host dynamics of parasites. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 985-989. (PDF)
  62. Boerlijst MC, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1996). Viral quasi-species and recombination. Proc R Soc B 263: 1577-1584. (PDF)
  63. Bonhoeffer S, AVM Herz, MC Boerlijst, S Nee, MA Nowak, RM May (1996). Explaining "linguistic features" of noncoding DNA. Science 271: 14-15. (PDF)
  64. Bonhoeffer S, AVM Herz, MC Boerlijst, MA Nowak, RM May (1996). No signs of hidden language in noncoding DNA. Phys Rev Lett 76: 1977. (PDF)
  65. Herz AVM, S Bonhoeffer, RM Anderson, RM May, MA Nowak (1996). Viral dynamics in vivo: Limitations on estimates of intracellular delay and virus decay. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 7247-7251. (PDF)
  66. Klenerman P, RE Phillips, CR Rinaldo, LM Wahl, RM May, AJ McMichael, MA Nowak (1996). Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and viral turnover in HIV type 1 infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 15323-15328. (PDF)
  67. Lipsitch M, S Siller, MA Nowak (1996). The evolution of virulence in pathogens with vertical and horizontal transmission. Evolution 50: 1729-1741. (PDF)
  68. McMichael AJ, P Goulder, S Rowland-Jones, MA Nowak, R Philips (1996). HIV escapes from cytotoxic lymphocytes. Immunology 89: 111.
  69. Nowak MA (1996). Immune responses against multiple epitopes: A theory for immunodominance and antigenic variation. Semin Virol 7: 83-92. (PDF)
  70. Nowak MA, RM Anderson, MC Boerlijst, S Bonhoeffer, RM May, AJ McMichael (1996). HIV-1 evolution and disease progression. Science 274: 1008-1011. (PDF)
  71. Nowak MA, CRM Bangham (1996). Population dynamics of immune responses to persistent viruses. Science 272: 74-79. (PDF)
  72. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, AM Hill, R Boehme, HC Thomas, H McDade (1996). Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 4398-4402. (PDF)
  73. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, RM May (1996). Reply to Robustness of cooperation, A Mukherji, V Rajan, J Slagle. Nature 379: 126. (PDF)
  74. Payne RJH, MA Nowak, B Blumberg (1996). The dynamics of hepatitis B virus infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 6542-6546. (PDF)
  75. Stekel DJ, MA Nowak, TRE Southwood (1996). Prediction of future BSE spread. Nature 381: 119. (PDF)
  76. Tilman D, C Lehman, R May, M Nowak (1996). Reply to Species fragmentation or area loss? S Budiansky. Nature 382: 216. (PDF)

    77. 1997

  77. Bittner B, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1997). Virus load and antigenic diversity. B Math Biol 59: 881-896. (PDF)
  78. Boerlijst MC, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (1997). Equal pay for all prisoners. Am Math Mon 104: 303-305. (PDF)
  79. Boerlijst MC, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (1997). The logic of contrition. J theor Biol 185: 281-293. (PDF)
  80. Bonhoeffer S, J Coffin, MA Nowak (1997). Human immunodeficiency virus drug therapy and virus load. J Virol 71: 3275-3278. (PDF)
  81. Bonhoeffer S, RM May, GM Shaw, MA Nowak (1997). Virus dynamics and drug therapy. P Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 6971-6976. (PDF)
  82. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1997). Pre-existence and emergence of drug resistance in HIV-1 infection. Proc R Soc B 264: 631-637. (PDF)
  83. Chun T-W, Stuyver L, Mizell S B, Ehler L A, Mican J A M, Baseler M, Lloyd A L, Nowak M A, Fauci A S (1997). Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. P Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 13193-13197. (PDF)
  84. Cooke J, MA Nowak, MC Boerlijst, J Maynard Smith (1997). Evolutionary origins and maintenance of redundant gene expression during metazoan development. Trends Genet 13: 360-364. (PDF)
  85. Goulder PJR, RE Phillips, RA Colbert, S McAdam, G Ogg, MA Nowak, P Giangrande, G Luzzi, B Morgan, A Edwards, AJ McMichael, S Rowland-Jones (1997). Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. Nat Med 3: 212-217. (PDF)
  86. Goulder P, D Price, M Nowak, S Rowland-Jones, R Phillips, and A McMichael (1997). Co-evolution of human immunodeficiency virus and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. Immunol Rev 159: 17-29.
  87. Lifson JD, MA Nowak, S Goldstein, JL Rossio, A Kinter, G Vasquez, TA Wiltrout, C Brown, D Schneider, L Wahl, AL Lloyd, J Williams, WR Elkins, AS Fauci, VM Hirsch (1997). The extent of early viral replication is a critical determinant of the natural history of simian immunodeficiency virus infection. J Virol 71: 9508-9514. (PDF)
  88. May RM, DJ Stekel, MA Nowak (1997). Antigenic diversity thresholds and hazard functions. Math Biosci 139: 59-68. (PDF)
  89. Nowak MA, MC Boerlijst, J Cooke, J Maynard Smith (1997). Evolution of genetic redundancy. Nature 388: 167-171. (PDF)
  90. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, GM Shaw, RM May (1997). Anti-viral drug treatment: Dynamics of resistance in free virus and infected cell populations. J theor Biol 184: 203-217. (PDF)
  91. Nowak MA, AL Lloyd, G Vasquez, TA Wiltrout, LM Wahl, N Bischofsberger, J Williams, A Kinter, AS Fauci, VM Hirsch, JD Lifson (1997). Viral dynamics of primary viremia and antiretroviral therapy in simian immunodeficiency virus infection. J Virol 71: 7518-7525. (PDF)
  92. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (1997). The natural history of mutual aid: An eye for an eye, and a meal for a meal. In Wissenschaft als Kultur, ed. F Stadler. New York: Springer Verlag, 259-272.
  93. Stekel D, C Parker, MA Nowak (1997). A model of lymphocyte recirculation. Immunol Today 18: 216-221. (PDF)
  94. Wein LM, SA Zenios, MA Nowak (1997). Dynamic multidrug therapies for HIV: A control theoretic approach. J theor Biol 185: 15-29. (PDF)

    95. 1998

  95. Goh WC, ME Rogel, CM Kinsey, SF Michael, PN Fultz, MA Nowak, BH Hahn, M Emerman (1998). HIV-1 Vpr increases viral expression by manipulation of the cell cycle: A mechanism for selection of Vpr in vivo. Nat Med 4: 65-71. (PDF)
  96. Kilby JM, S Hopkins, T Venetta, B DiMassimo, GA Cloud, JY Lee, L Alldredge, E Hunter, D Lambert, D Bolognesi, T Matthews, L Carder, MR Johnson, MA Nowak, GM Shaw, MS Saag (1998). Potent suppression of HIV-1 replication in humans by T-20, a peptide inhibitor of gp-41 mediated virus entry. Nat Med 4: 1302-1307. (PDF)
  97. Levin BR, R Antia, E Berliner, P Bloland, S Bonhoeffer, M Cohen, T DeRouin, PI Fields, H Jafari, D Jernigan, M Lipsitch, JE McGowan, P Mead, M Nowak, T Porco, P Sykora, L Simmonsen, J Spitznagel, R Tauxe, F Tenover (1998). Resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy: A prescription for research and action. Am J Med Sci 315: 87-94. (PDF)
  98. Nowak MA, DC Krakauer, A Klug, RM May (1998). Prion infection dynamics. Integr Biol 1: 3-15. (PDF)
  99. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). Darwins dynamik. DMV-Mitteilungen 4: 37-44. (PDF)
  100. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring. Nature 393: 573-577. (PDF)
  101. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). The dynamics of indirect reciprocity. J theor Biol 194: 561-574. (PDF)
  102. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). What two legs can learn from four legs. Book review of Foundations of Social Evolution, SA Frank; Cooperation Among Animals, AL Dugatkin. Nature 395: 760-761. (PDF)
  103. Ogg GS, X Jin, S Bonhoeffer, PR Dunbar, MA Nowak, S Monard, J Segal, Y Cao, SL Rowland-Jones, V Cerundolo, A Hurley, M Markowitz, DD Ho, DF Nixon, AJ McMichael (1998). Quantitation of HIV-1 specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and plasma load of viral RNA. Science 279: 2103-2106. (PDF)
  104. Ostrowski MA, DC Krakauer, Y Li, SJ Justement, G Learn, LA Ehler, SK Stanley, MA Nowak, AS Fauci (1998). Effect of immune activation on the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus replication and on the distribution of viral quasispecies. J Virol 72: 7772-7784. (PDF)
  105. Regoes RR, D Wodarz, MA Nowak (1998). Virus dynamics: The effect of target cell limitation and immune responses on virus evolution. J theor Biol 191: 451-462. (PDF)
  106. Ribeiro RM, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1998). The frequency of resistant mutant virus before antiviral therapy. AIDS 12: 461-465. (PDF)
  107. Sigmund K, M Boerlijst, MA Nowak (1998). Automata and inner states for repeated games. In Game Theory, Experience, Rationality, eds. W Leinfeller, E Koehler. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 131-139.
  108. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (1998). Cyber-sociology. Book review of The Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration, R Axelrod. Nature 392: 457. (PDF)
  109. Wodarz D, P Klenerman, MA Nowak (1998). Dynamics of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte exhaustion. Proc R Soc B 265: 191-203. (PDF)
  110. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1998). Mathematical models of virus dynamics and resistance. J HIV Ther 3: 36-41. (PDF)
  111. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1998). The effect of different immune responses on the evolution of virulent CXCR4-tropic HIV. Proc R Soc B 265: 2149-2158. (PDF)

    112. 1999

  112. Arnaout RA, AL Lloyd, TR O'Brien, JJ Goedert, JM Leonard, MA Nowak (1999). A simple relationship between viral load and survival time in HIV-1 infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 11549-11553. (PDF)
  113. Bangham CRM, SE Hall, KJM Jeffery, AM Vine, A Witkover, MA Nowak, D Wodarz, K Ususku, M Osame (1999). Genetic control and dynamics of the cellular immune response to the human T-cell leukaemia virus, HTLV-I. Phil Trans R Soc B 354: 691-700. (PDF)
  114. Callaway DS, RM Ribeiro, MA Nowak (1999). Virus phenotype switching and disease progression in HIV-1 infection. Proc R Soc B 266: 2523-2530. (PDF)
  115. Hockett RD, JM Kilby, CA Derdeyn, MS Saag, M Sillers, K Squires, S Chiz, MA Nowak, GM Shaw, RP Bucy (1999). Constant mean viral copy number per infected cell in tissues regardless of high, low, or undetectable plasma HIV RNA. J Exp Med 189: 1545-1554. (PDF)
  116. Jefferey KJM, K Usuku, SE Hall, W Matsumoto, GP Taylor, J Proctor, M Bunce, GS Ogg, KI Welsh, JN Weber, AL Lloyd, MA Nowak, M Nagai, D Kodama, S Izumo, M Osame, CRM Bangham (1999). HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 3848-3853. (PDF)
  117. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (1999). Evolutionary preservation of redundant duplicated genes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 10: 555-559. (PDF)
  118. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (1999). T-cell induced pathogenesis in HIV: Bystander effects and latent infection. Proc R Soc B 266: 1069-1075. (PDF)
  119. Masel J, VAA Jansen, MA Nowak (1999). Quantifying the kinetic parameters of prion replication. Biophys Chem 77: 139-152. (PDF)
  120. Nowak MA (1999). The mathematical biology of human infections. Conserv Ecol 3: 12. (online version)
  121. Nowak MA, DC Krakauer (1999). The evolution of language. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 8028-8033. (PDF)
  122. Nowak MA, DC Krakauer, A Dress (1999). An error limit for the evolution of language. Proc R Soc B 266: 2131-2136. (PDF)
  123. Nowak MA, J Plotkin, D Krakauer (1999). The evolutionary language game. J theor Biol 200: 147-162. (PDF)
  124. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1999). Aux racines de la coopération. Recherche 325: 38-39. (PDF)
  125. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1999). Phage-lift for game theory. Nature 398: 367-368. (PDF)
  126. Ogg GS, X Jin, S Bonhoeffer, P Moss, MA Nowak, S Monard, JP Segal, Y Cao, SL Rowland-Jones, A Hurley, M Markowitz, DD Ho, AJ McMichael, DF Nixon (1999). Decay kinetics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-specific effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes after combination antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 73: 797-800. (PDF)
  127. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (1999). Evolutionary game theory. Curr Biol 9: R503-R505. (PDF)
  128. Taylor GP, SE Hall, S Navarette, CA Michie, R Davis, AD Witkover, M Rossor, MA Nowak, P Rudge, E Matutes, CRM Bangham, JN Weber (1999). Effect of lamivudine on human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)  DNA copy number, T-cell phenotype, and anti-Tax cytotoxic T-cell frequency in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. J Virol 73: 10289-10295. (PDF)
  129. Wahl LM, MA Nowak (1999). The continuous prisoner's dilemma: I. Linear reactive strategies. J theor Biol 200: 307-321. (PDF)
  130. Wahl LM, MA Nowak (1999). The continuous prisoner's dilemma: II. Linear reactive strategies with noise. J theor Biol 200: 323-338. (PDF)
  131. Wodarz D, AL Lloyd, VAA Jansen, MA Nowak (1999). Dynamics of macrophage and T cell infection by HIV. J theor Biol 196: 101-113. (PDF)
  132. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Dynamics of HIV pathogenesis and treatment. In Origin and Evolution of Viruses, eds. E Domingo, R Webster, J Holland. London: Academic Press, 197-223.
  133. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Dynamics of immune escape in HIV infection. Wien Klin Wochenschr 111: 419-427. (PDF)
  134. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Evolutionary dynamics of HIV-1 induced subversion of the immune response. Immunol Rev 168: 75-89. (PDF)
  135. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Specific therapy regimes could lead to long-term immunological control of HIV. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 14464-14469. (PDF)
  136. Wodarz D, MA Nowak, CRM Bangham (1999). The dynamics of HTLV-I and the CTL response. Immunol Today 20: 220-227. (PDF)

    137. 2000

  137. Arnaout R, MA Nowak (2000). Competitive coexistence in antiviral immunity. J theor Biol 204: 431-441. (PDF)
  138. Arnaout R, MA Nowak, D Wodarz (2000). HIV-1 dynamics revisited: Biphasic decay by cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing? Proc R Soc B 267: 1347-1354. (PDF)
  139. Barchet W, S Oehen, P Klenerman, D Wodarz, GA Bocharov, AL Lloyd, MA Nowak, H Hengartner, RM Zinkernagel, S Ehl (2000). Direct quantitation of rapid elimination of viral antigen-positive lymphocytes by antiviral CD8+ T cells in vivo. Eur J Immunol 30: 1356-1363. (PDF)
  140. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (2000). Book review of Fragile Dominion: Complexity and the Commons, S Levin. Not Am Math Soc 47: 564-568. (PDF)
  141. Lifson JD, JL Rossio, R Arnaout, L Li, TL Parks, DM Schneider, RF Kiser, VJ Coalter, G Walsh,RJ Imming, B Fisher, BM Flynn, N Bischofsberger, M Piatak, VM Hirsch, MA Nowak, D Wodarz D (2000). Containment of simian immunodeficiency virus infection: Cellular immune responses and protection from rechallenge following transient post-inoculation antiretroviral treatment. J Virol 74: 2584-2593. (PDF)
  142. Nowak MA (2000). Evolutionary biology of language. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 1615-1622. (PDF)
  143. Nowak MA (2000). Homo grammaticus. Nat Hist 109: 36-44. (PDF)
  144. Nowak MA (2000). The basic reproductive ratio of a word, the maximum size of a lexicon. J theor Biol 204: 179-189. (PDF)
  145. Nowak MA, RM May (2000). Virus Dynamics. Oxford University Press.
  146. Nowak MA, KM Page, K Sigmund (2000). Fairness versus reason in the ultimatum game. Science 289: 1773-1775. (PDF)
  147. Nowak MA, JB Plotkin, VAA Jansen (2000). The evolution of syntactic communication. Nature 404: 495-498. (PDF)
  148. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2000). Cooperation versus competition. Financ Anal J 56: 13-22. (PDF)
  149. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2000). Games on grids. In The Geometry of Ecological Interactions, eds. U Dieckmann, R Law, JAJ Metz. Cambridge University Press, 135-150. (PDF)
  150. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2000). Shrewd investments. Science 288: 819-820. (PDF)
  151. Page KM, MA Nowak (2000). A generalized adaptive dynamics framework can explain the evolutionary ultimatum game. J theor Biol 209: 173-179. (PDF)
  152. Page KM, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (2000). The spatial ultimatum game. Proc R Soc B 267: 2177-2182. (PDF)
  153. Plotkin JB, MA Nowak (2000). Language evolution and information theory. J theor Biol 205: 147-159. (PDF)
  154. Plotkin JB, MD Potts, DW Yu, S Bunyavejchewin, R Condit, R Foster, S Hubbell, J LaFrankie, N Manokaran, L Hua Seng, R Sukumar, MA Nowak, PS Ashton (2000). Predicting species diversity in tropical forests. P Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 10850-10854. (PDF)
  155. Regoes RR, MA Nowak, S Bonhoeffer (2000). Evolution of virulence in a heterogeneous host population. Evolution 54: 64-71. (PDF)
  156. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (2000). A tale of two selves. Science 290: 949-950. (PDF)
  157. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (2000). Playing for keeps. Book review of Game Theory Evolving: A Problem-Centered Introduction to Modeling Strategic Interaction, H Gintis. Science 290: 281. (PDF)
  158. Trapa PE, MA Nowak (2000). Nash equilibria for an evolutionary language game. J Math Biol 41: 172-188. (PDF)
  159. Wahl LM, B Bitter, MA Nowak (2000). Immunological transitions in response to antigenic mutation during viral infection. Int Immunol 12: 1371-1380. (PDF)
  160. Wahl LM, MA Nowak (2000). Adherence and drug resistance: Predictions for therapy outcome. Proc R Soc B 267: 835-843. (PDF)
  161. Wodarz D, R Arnaout, MA Nowak, Lifson JD (2000). Transient antiretroviral treatment during acute simian immundeficiency virus infection facilitates long-term control of the virus. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 1021-1029. (PDF)
  162. Wodarz D, RM May, MA Nowak (2000). The role of antigen-independent persistence of memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Int Immunol 12: 467-477. (PDF)
  163. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). CD8 memory, immunodominance and antigenic escape. Eur J Immunol 30: 2704-2712. (PDF)
  164. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). Correlates of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated virus control: Implications for immuno-suppressive infections and their treatment. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 1059-1070. (PDF)
  165. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). HIV therapy: Managing resistance. P Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 8193-8195. (PDF)
  166. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). Immune responses and viral phenotype: Do replication rate and cytopathogenicity influence virus load? J Theor Med 2: 113-127. (PDF)
  167. Wodarz D, KM Page, RA Arnaout, AR Thomson, JD Lifson, MA Nowak (2000). A new theory of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte memory: Implications for HIV treatment. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 329-343. (PDF)

    168. 2001

  168. Komarova NL, P Niyogi, MA Nowak (2001). The evolutionary dynamics of grammar acquisition. J theor Biol 209: 43-59. (PDF)
  169. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2001). Natural selection of the critical period for language acquisition. Proc R Soc B 268: 1189-1196. (PDF)
  170. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2001). Evolutionary dynamics of the lexical matrix. B Math Biol 63: 451-484. (PDF)
  171. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (2001). Genetic redundancy. In Encyclopedia of Genetics, eds. S Brenner, J Miller. London: Academic Press, 845-846.
  172. Lifson JD, JL Rossio, M Piatak, T Parks, L Li, R Kiser, V Coalter, B Fisher, BM Flynn, VM Hirsch, RE Means, S Czajak, KA Reimann, JE Schmitz, J Ghrayeb, N Bischofsberger, MA Nowak, RC Desrosiers, D Wodarz (2001). Role of CD8+ lymphocytes in control of simian immunodeficiency virus infection and resistance to rechallenge after transient early antiretroviral treatment. J Virol 75: 10187-10199. (PDF)
  173. Nowak MA, NL Komarova (2001). Towards an evolutionary theory of language. Trends Cogn Sci 5: 288-295. (PDF)
  174. Nowak MA, NL Komarova, P Niyogi (2001). Evolution of universal grammar. Science 291: 114-118. (PDF)
  175. Plotkin JB, MA Nowak (2001). Major transitions in language evolution. Entropy 3: 227-246. (PDF)
  176. Sigmund K, C Hauert, MA Nowak (2001). Reward and punishment. P Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 10757-10762. (PDF)
  177. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (2001). Tides of tolerence. Nature 414: 403-405. (PDF)
  178. Wodarz D, SE Hall, K Usuku, M Osame, GS Ogg, AJ McMichael, MA Nowak, CRM Bangham (2001). Cytotoxic T-cell abundance and virus load in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1. Proc R Soc B 268: 1215-1221. (PDF)

    179. 2002

  179. Belz GT, D Wodarz, G Diaz, MA Nowak, PC Doherty (2002). Compromised influenza virus-specific CD8+-T-cell memory in CD4+-T-cell-deficient mice. J Virol 76: 12388-12393. (PDF)
  180. Komarova NL, C Lengauer, B Vogelstein, MA Nowak (2002). Dynamics of genetic instability in sporadic and familial colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 1: 685-692. (PDF)
  181. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2002). Population dynamics of grammar acquisition. In Simulating the Evolution of Language, eds. A Cangelosi, D Parisi. London: Springer Verlag, 149-163.
  182. Michor F, MA Nowak (2002). Evolution: The good, the bad and the lonely. Nature 419: 677-679. (PDF)
  183. Michor F, MA Nowak (2002). Immunology tomorrow. Book review of Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease, SA Frank. Nature 420: 741-742. (PDF)
  184. Nowak MA (2002). From quasispecies to universal grammar. Z Phys Chem 16: 5-20. (PDF)
  185. Nowak MA, NL Komarova, P Niyogi (2002). Computational and evolutionary aspects of language. Nature 417: 611-617. (PDF)
  186. Nowak MA, NL Komarova, A Sengupta, PF Jallepalli, IM Shih, B Vogelstein, C Lengauer (2002). The role of chromosomal instability in tumor initiation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 16226-16231. (PDF)
  187. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2002). Bacterial game dynamics. Nature 418: 138-139. (PDF)
  188. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2002). Super- and coinfection: The two extremes. In Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases: In Pursuit of Virulence Management, eds. U Dieckmann, JAJ Metz, M Sabelis, K Sigmund. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 124-138. (PDF)
  189. Page KM, MA Nowak (2002). Empathy leads to fairness. B Math Biol 64: 1101-1116. (PDF)
  190. Page KM, MA Nowak (2002). Unifying evolutionary dynamics. J theor Biol 219: 93-98. (PDF)
  191. Plotkin JB, MA Nowak (2002). The different effects of apoptosis and DNA repair on tumorigenesis. J theor Biol 214: 453-467. (PDF)
  192. Sigmund K, E Fehr, MA Nowak (2002). The economics of fair play. Sci Am 286: 82-87. (PDF)
  193. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2002). Mathematical models of HIV pathogenesis and treatment. Bioessays 24: 1178-1187. (PDF)

    194. 2003

  194. Frank SA, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2003). Patterns of cell division and the risk of cancer. Genetics 163: 1527-1532. (PDF)
  195. Frank SA, MA Nowak (2003). Developmental predisposition to cancer. Nature 422: 494. (PDF)
  196. Iwasa Y, F Michor, Nowak MA (2003). Evolutionary dynamics of escape from biomedical intervention. Proc R Soc B 270: 2573-2578. (PDF)
  197. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2003). Language dynamics in finite populations. J theor Biol 221: 445-457. (PDF)
  198. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2003). Language, learning and evolution. In Language Evolution, eds. MH Christiansen, S Kirby. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 317-337.
  199. Komarova NL, A Sengupta, MA Nowak (2003) Mutation-selection networks of cancer initiation: Tumor suppressor genes and chromosomal instability. J theor Biol 223: 433-450. (PDF)
  200. Michor F, SA Frank, RM May, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2003). Somatic selection for and against cancer. J theor Biol 225: 377-382. (PDF)
  201. Michor F, Y Iwasa, NL Komarova, MA Nowak (2003). Local regulation of homeostasis favors chromosomal instability. Curr Biol 13: 581-584. (PDF)
  202. Michor F, MA Nowak, SA Frank, Y Iwasa (2003). Stochastic elimination of cancer cells. Proc R Soc B 270: 2017-2024. (PDF)
  203. Mitchener G, MA Nowak (2003). Competitive exclusion and coexistence of universal grammars. B Math Biol 65: 67-93. (PDF)
  204. Nowak MA, F Michor, Y Iwasa (2003). The linear process of somatic evolution. P Natl Acad Sci USA 100: 14966-14969. (PDF)
  205. Rajagopalan H, MA Nowak, B Vogelstein, C Lengauer (2003). The significance of unstable chromosomes in colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 3: 695-701. (PDF)
  206. Sasaki A, MA Nowak (2003). Mutation landscapes. J theor Biol 224: 241-247. (PDF)
  207. Wei X, JM Decker, S Wang, H Hui, JC Kappes, W Xiaoyun, JF Salazar, MG Salazar, JM Kilby, MS Saag, NL Komarova, MA Nowak, BH Hahn, PD Kwong, GM Shaw (2003). Antibody neutralization and escape by HIV-1. Nature 422: 307-312. (PDF)

    208. 2004

  208. Frank SA, MA Nowak(2004). Problems of somatic mutation and cancer. Bioessays 26: 291-299. (PDF)
  209. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2004). Evolutionary dynamics of invasion and escape. J theor Biol 226: 205-214. (PDF)
  210. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2004). Some basic properties of immune selection. J theor Biol 229: 179-188. (PDF).
  211. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2004). Stochastic tunnels in evolutionary dynamics. Genetics 166: 1571-1579. (PDF)
  212. Jones NA, X Wei, DR Flower, ML Wong, F Michor, MS Saag, BH Hahn, MA Nowak, GM Shaw (2004). Determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape from the primary CD8+ cytotoxic Y lymphocyte response. J Exp Med 200: 1243-1256. (PDF)
  213. Matsen E, MA Nowak (2004). Win-stay, lose-shift in language learning from peers. P Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 18053-18057. (PDF)
  214. Michor F, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2004). Dynamics of cancer progression. Nat Rev Cancer 4: 197-205. (PDF)
  215. Michor F, Y Iwasa, H Rajagopalan, C Lengauer, MA Nowak (2004). Linear model of colon cancer initiation. Cell Cycle 3: 358-362. (PDF)
  216. Mitchener WG, MA Nowak (2004). Chaos and language. Proc R Soc B 271: 701-704. (PDF)
  217. Nowak MA (2004). Prisoners of the dilemma. Nature 427: 491. (PDF)
  218. Nowak MA (2004). Theory is available light. Curr Biol 14: R406-R407. (PDF)
  219. Nowak MA, F Michor, Y Iwasa (2004). Evolutionary dynamics of tumor suppressor gene inactivation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 10635-10638. (PDF).
  220. Nowak MA, A Sasaki, C Taylor, D Fudenberg (2004). Emergence of cooperation and evolutionary stability in finite populations. Nature 428: 646-650. (PDF)
  221. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2004). Evolutionary dynamics of biological games. Science 303: 793-799. (PDF)
  222. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2004). Population dynamics in evolutionary ecology. In Life Sciences for the 21st Century, eds. E Keinan, I Schechter, M Sela. Weinham: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.
  223. Taylor C, D Fudenberg, A Sasaki, MA Nowak (2004). Evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations. B Math Biol 66: 1621-1644. (PDF)

    224. 2005

  224. Imhof LA, D Fudenberg, MA Nowak (2005). Evolutionary cycles of cooperation and defection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 102: 10797-10800. (PDF)
  225. Iwasa Y, F Michor, NL Komarova, MA Nowak (2005). Population genetics of tumor suppressor genes. J theor Biol 233: 15-23. (PDF)
  226. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2005). Virus evolution within patients increases pathogenicity. J theor Biol 232: 17-26. (PDF)
  227. Lieberman E, C Hauert, MA Nowak (2005). Evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Nature 433: 312-316. (PDF)
  228. Michor F, TP Hughes, Y Iwasa, S Branford, NP Shah, CL Sawyers, MA Nowak (2005). Dynamics of chronic myeloid leukaemia. Nature 435: 1267-1270. (PDF)
  229. Michor F, Y Iwasa, C Lengauer, MA Nowak (2005). Dynamics of colorectal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 15: 484-493. (PDF)
  230. Michor F, Y Iwasa, B Vogelstein, C Lengauer, MA Nowak (2005). Can chromosomal instability initiate tumorigenesis? Semin Cancer Biol 15: 43-45. (PDF)
  231. Nowak MA, NL Komarova (2005). The evolution of altruism: From game theory to human language. In Spiritual Information, ed. CL Harper Jr. Templeton Foundation Press, 308-314.
  232. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2005). Evolution of indirect reciprocity. Nature 437: 1291-1298. (PDF)
  233. Traulsen A, A Sengupta, MA Nowak (2005). Stochastic evolutionary dynamics on two levels. J theor Biol 235: 393-401. (PDF)
  234. Willensdorfer M, MA Nowak (2005). Mutation in evolutionary games can increase average fitness at equilibrium. J theor Biol 237: 355-362. (PDF)

    235. 2006

  235. Bürger R, M Willensdorfer, MA Nowak (2006). Why are phenotypic mutation rates much higher than genotypic mutation rates? Genetics 172: 197-206. (PDF)
  236. Dingli D, MA Nowak (2006). Infectious tumour cells. Nature 443: 35-36. (PDF)
  237. Fudenberg D, MA Nowak, C Taylor, LA Imhof (2006). Evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations with strong selection and weak mutation. Theor Popul Biol 70: 352-363. (PDF)
  238. Hauert C, F Michor, MA Nowak, M Doebeli (2006). Synergy and discounting of cooperation in social dilemmas. J theor Biol 239: 195-202. (PDF)
  239. Imhof LA, MA Nowak (2006). Evolutionary game dynamics in a Wright-Fisher process. J Math Biol 52: 667-681. (PDF)
  240. Iwasa Y, MA Nowak, F Michor (2006). Evolution of resistance during clonal expansion. Genetics 172: 2557-2566. (PDF)
  241. Michor F, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2006). The age incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia can be explained by a one-mutation model. P Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 14931-14934. (PDF)
  242. Michor F, MA Nowak, Y Iwasa (2006). Evolution of resistance to cancer therapy. Curr Pharm Design 12: 261-271. (PDF)
  243. Michor F, MA Nowak, Y Iwasa (2006). Stochastic dynamics of metastasis formation. J theor Biol 240: 521-530. (PDF)
  244. Nowak, MA (2006). Evolutionary Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. (Excerpt, Nature review, Science review, American Scientist review, Quarterly Review of Biology article, R.R. Hawkins Award)
  245. Nowak MA (2006). Five rules for the evolution of cooperation. Science 314: 1560-1563. (PDF)
  246. Nowak MA, F Michor, Y Iwasa (2006). Genetic instability and clonal expansion. J theor Biol 241: 26-32. (PDF)
  247. Ohtsuki H, C Hauert, E Lieberman, MA Nowak (2006). A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation on graphs and social networks. Nature 441: 502-505. (PDF) (supplementary information)
  248. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2006). Evolutionary games on cycles. Proc R Soc B 273: 2249-2256. (PDF)
  249. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2006). The replicator equation on graphs. J theor Biol 243: 86-97. (PDF)
  250. Pacheco JM, A Traulsen, MA Nowak (2006). Active linking in evolutionary games. J theor Biol 243: 437-443. (PDF)
  251. Pacheco JM, A Traulsen, MA Nowak (2006). Coevolution of strategy and structure in complex networks with dynamical linking. Phys Rev Lett 97: 258103. (PDF)
  252. Pfeiffer T, MA Nowak (2006). Climate change: All in the game. Nature 441: 583-584. (PDF)
  253. Pfeiffer T, MA Nowak (2006). Digital cows grazing on digital grounds. Curr Biol 16: R946-R949. (PDF)
  254. Taylor C, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2006). A symmetry of fixation times in evolutionary dynamics. J theor Biol 243: 245-251. (PDF)
  255. Taylor C, MA Nowak (2006). Evolutionary game dynamics with non-uniform interaction rates. Theor Popul Biol 69: 243-252. (PDF)
  256. Traulsen A, MA Nowak (2006). Evolution of cooperation by multilevel selection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 10952-10955. (PDF)
  257. Traulsen A, MA Nowak, J Pacheco (2006). Stochastic dynamics of invasion and fixation. Phys Rev E 74: 011909. (PDF)

    258. 2007

  258. Beerenwinkel N, T Antal, D Dingli, A Traulsen, KW Kinzler, VE Velculescu, B Vogelstein, MA Nowak (2007). Genetic progression and the waiting time to cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 3: e225. (PDF)
  259. Hauert C, A Traulsen, H Brandt, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (2007). Via freedom to coercion: The emergence of costly punishment. Science 316: 1905-1907. (PDF) (supplementary information)
  260. Imhof LA, D Fudenberg, MA Nowak (2007). Tit-for-tat or win-stay, lose-shift? J theor Biol 247: 574-580. (PDF)
  261. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2007). Directional evolution of virus within a host under immune selection. In Mathematics for Life Science and Medicine, eds. Y Takeuchi, Y Iwasa, K Sato. Springer: New York.
  262. Lieberman E, JB Michel, J Jackson, T Tang, MA Nowak (2007). Quantifying the evolutionary dynamics of language. Nature 449: 713-716. (PDF) Front cover. News articles: Nature News, Harvard University Gazette, Los Angeles Times, New Scientist, Scientific American, Telegraph. Nature Correspondence. 2007 favourite in Nature, more press.
  263. Nowak MA, S Roch (2007). Upstream reciprocity and the evolution of gratitude. Proc R Soc B 274: 605-609. (PDF) (Daily Telegraph review) (article in PhysOrg.com)
  264. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2007). How populations cohere: Five rules for cooperation. In Theoretical Ecology: Principles and Applications, eds. RM May, A McLean. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 7-16. (PDF)
  265. Ohtsuki H, P Bordalo, MA Nowak (2007). The one third law of evolutionary dynamics. J theor Biol 249: 289-295. (PDF)
  266. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2007). Direct reciprocity on graphs. J theor Biol 247: 462-470. (PDF)
  267. Ohtsuki H, J Pacheco, MA Nowak (2007). Breaking the symmetry between interaction and replacement in evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Phys Rev Lett 98: 108106. (PDF)
  268. Ohtsuki H, J Pacheco, MA Nowak (2007). Evolutionary graph theory: Breaking the symmetry between interaction and replacement. J theor Biol 246: 681-694. (PDF)
  269. Taylor C, MA Nowak (2007). Transforming the dilemma. Evolution 61: 2281-2292. (PDF)
  270. Traulsen A, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2007). The fastest evolutionary trajectory. J theor Biol 249: 617-623. (PDF)
  271. Traulsen A, MA Nowak (2007). Chromodynamics of cooperation in finite populations. PLoS ONE 2: e270. (PDF)
  272. Traulsen A, MA Nowak, J Pacheco (2007). Stochastic payoff evaluation increases the temperature of selection. J theor Biol 244: 349-356. (PDF)
  273. Traulsen A, JM Pacheco, MA Nowak (2007). Pairwise comparison and selection temperature in evolutionary game dynamics. J theor Biol 246: 522-529. (PDF)
  274. Willensdorfer M, R Bürger, MA Nowak (2007). Phenotypic mutation rates and the abundance of abnormal proteins in yeast. PLoS Comput Biol 3: e203. (PDF)

    275. 2008

  275. Dingli D, MA Nowak (2008). Evolutionary dynamics of cancer. Book review of Dynamics of Cancer: Incidence, Inheritance, and Evolution, SA Frank. Trends Ecol Evol 23: 254-255. (PDF)
  276. Dreber A, MA Nowak (2008). Gambling for global goods. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 2261-2262. (PDF)
  277. Dreber A, DG Rand, D Fudenberg, MA Nowak (2008). Winners don't punish. Nature 452: 348-351. (PDF) News: Daily Telegraph, NPR, New York Times, Boston Globe / AP, Bloomberg, Harvard Gazette, more press.
  278. Jones S, W Chen, G Parmigiani, F Diehl, N Beerenwinkel, T Antal, A Traulsen, MA Nowak, C Siegel, VE Velculescu, KW Kinzler, B Vogelstein, J Willis, SD Markowitz (2008). Comparative lesion sequencing provides insights into tumor evolution. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 4283-4288. (PDF)
  279. Langer P, MA Nowak, C Hauert (2008). Spatial invasion of cooperation. J theor Biol 250: 634-641. (PDF)
  280. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2008). Evolutionary stability on graphs. J theor Biol 251: 698-707. (PDF)
  281. Pacheco J, A Traulsen, H Ohtsuki, MA Nowak (2008). Repeated games and direct reciprocity under active linking. J theor Biol 250: 723-731. (PDF)
  282. Pinker S, MA Nowak, JJ Lee (2008). The logic of indirect speech. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 833-838. (PDF)
  283. Traulsen A, N Shoresh, MA Nowak (2008). Analytical results for individual and group selection of any intensity. B Math Biol 70: 1410-1424. (PDF)