Martin A. Nowak


(Click here for a selected list of publications by Martin Nowak.)

All Publications:


1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006
2007 2008 2009

    1989

  1. Nowak M, P Schuster (1989). Error thresholds of replication in finite populations. Mutation frequencies and the onset of Muller's ratchet. J theor Biol 137: 375-395. (PDF)
  2. Nowak M, K Sigmund (1989). Game-dynamical aspects of the prisoner's dilemma. Appl Math Comp 30: 191-213. (PDF)
  3. Nowak M, K Sigmund (1989). Oscillations in the evolution of reciprocity. J theor Biol 137: 21-26. (PDF)

    4. 1990

  4. Nowak M (1990). An evolutionarily stable strategy may be inaccessible. J theor Biol 142: 237-241. (PDF)
  5. Nowak M (1990). HIV mutation rate. Nature 347: 522. (PDF)
  6. Nowak M (1990). Stochastic strategies in the prisoner's dilemma. Theor Popul Biol 38: 93-112. (PDF)
  7. Nowak MA, RM May, RM Anderson (1990). The evolutionary dynamics of HIV quasispecies and the development of immunodeficiency disease. AIDS 4: 1095-1103. (PDF)
  8. Nowak M, K Sigmund (1990). The evolution of stochastic strategies in the prisoner's dilemma. Acta Appl Math 20: 247-265. (PDF)

    9. 1991

  9. Kwiatkowski D, M Nowak (1991). Periodic and chaotic host-parasite interactions in human malaria. P Natl Acad Sci USA 88: 5111-5113. (PDF)
  10. Magurran AE, MA Nowak (1991). Another battle of the sexes: The consequences of sexual asymmetry in mating costs and predation risk in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Proc R Soc B 246: 31-38. (PDF)
  11. Nowak M (1991). The evolution of viruses. Competition between horizontal and vertical transmission of mobile genes. J theor Biol 150: 339-347. (PDF)
  12. Nowak MA, RM Anderson, A R McLean, T Wolfs, J Goudsmit, RM May (1991). Antigenic diversity thresholds and the development of AIDS. Science 254: 963-369. (PDF)
  13. Nowak MA, RM May (1991). Mathematical biology of HIV infections: antigenic variation and diversity threshold. Math Biosci 106: 1-21. (PDF)
  14. Nowak MA, AR McLean (1991). A mathematical model of vaccination against HIV to prevent development of AIDS. Proc R Soc B 246: 141-146. (PDF)

    15. 1992

  15. McLean AR, MA Nowak (1992). Competition between zidovudine sensitive and resistant strains of HIV. AIDS 6: 71-79. (PDF)
  16. McLean AR, MA Nowak (1992). Models of interactions between HIV and other pathogens. J theor Biol 155: 69-86. (PDF)
  17. Nowak MA (1992). Variability in HIV infections. J theor Biol 155: 1-20. (PDF)
  18. Nowak MA (1992). What is a quasispecies? Trends Ecol Evol 7: 118-121. (PDF)
  19. Nowak MA, RM May (1992). Coexistence and competition in HIV infections. J theor Biol 159: 329-342. (PDF)
  20. Nowak MA, RM May (1992). Evolutionary games and spatial chaos. Nature 359: 826-829. (PDF)
  21. Nowak MA , K Sigmund (1992). Tit for tat in heterogeneous populations. Nature 355: 250-253. (PDF)
  22. Nowak MA, K Tarczy-Hornoch, JM Austyn (1992). The optimal number of major histocompatibility complex molecules in an individual. P Natl Acad Sci USA 89: 10896-10899. (PDF)
  23. Payne RJH, MA Nowak, BS Blumberg (1992). Analysis of a cellular model to account for the natural history of infection by the hepatitis B virus and its role in the development of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. J theor Biol 159: 215-240. (PDF)
  24. Sheratt JA, MA Nowak (1992). Oncogenes, anti-oncogenes and the immune response to cancer: A mathematical model. Proc R Soc B 248: 261-271. (PDF)

    25. 1993

  25. Nowak MA, RM May (1993). AIDS pathogenesis: Mathematical models of HIV and SIV infections. AIDS 7: S3-S18. (PDF)
  26. Nowak MA, RM May (1993). The spatial dilemmas of evolution. Int J Bifurcat Chaos 3: 35-78. (PDF)
  27. Nowak MA, AR McLean (1993). Mathematical models for the pathogenesis of AIDS. In Mathematics Applied to Biology and Medicine, eds. J Demongeot, V Capasso. Winnepeg: Wuerz, 275-284.
  28. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1993). A strategy of win-stay, lose-shift that outperforms tit-for-tat in Prisoner's Dilemma. Nature 364: 56-58. (PDF)
  29. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1993). Chaos and the evolution of cooperation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 90: 5091-5094. (PDF)

    30. 1994

  30. Berry RM, MA Nowak (1994). Defective escape mutants of HIV. J theor Biol 171: 387-395. (PDF)
  31. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1994). Intra-host versus inter-host selection: Viral strategies of immune function impairment. P Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 8062-8066. (PDF)
  32. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1994). Mutation and the evolution of virulence. Proc R Soc B 258: 133-140. (PDF)
  33. May RM, MA Nowak (1994). Superinfection, metapopulation dynamics, and the evolution of diversity. J theor Biol 170: 95-114. (PDF)
  34. Moxon ER, PB Rainey, MA Nowak, RE Lenski (1994). Adaptive evolution of highly mutable loci in pathogenic bacteria. Curr Biol 4: 24-33. (PDF)
  35. Nowak MA (1994). The evolutionary dynamics of HIV infections. In First European Congress of Mathematics, Vol II, eds. A Joseph, F Mignot, F Murat, B Prum, R Rentschler. Basel: Birkhauser, 311-326.
  36. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, RM May (1994). More spatial games. Int J Bifurcat Chaos 4: 33-56. (PDF)
  37. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, RM May (1994). Spatial games and the maintenance of cooperation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 91: 4877-4881. (PDF)
  38. Nowak MA, RM May (1994). Superinfection and the evolution of parasite virulence. Proc R Soc B 255: 81-89. (PDF)
  39. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1994). The alternating prisoner's dilemma. J theor Biol 168: 219-226. (PDF)
  40. Payne RJH, MA Nowak, BS Blumberg (1994). A cellular model to explain the pathogenesis of infection by the hepatitis B virus. Math Biosci 123: 25-58. (PDF)
  41. Tilman D, RM May, CL Lehman, MA Nowak (1994). Habitat destruction and the extinction debt. Nature 371: 65-66. (PDF)

    42. 1995

  42. Bonhoeffer S, EC Holmes, MA Nowak (1995). Causes of HIV diversity. Nature 376: 125. (PDF)
  43. Bonhoeffer S, EC Holmes, MA Nowak (1995). Varying selection pressure in HIV-1 infection. J Acq Immun Def Synd 10: 85.
  44. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1995). Can live attenuated virus work as post-exposure treatment? Immunol Today 16: 131-135. (PDF)
  45. Lipsitch M, EA Herre, MA Nowak (1995). Host population structure and the evolution of virulence: A "law of diminishing returns". Evolution 49: 743-748. (PDF)
  46. Lipsitch M, MA Nowak (1995). The evolution of virulence in sexually transmitted HIV/AIDS. J theor Biol 174: 427-440. (PDF)
  47. Lipsitch M, MA Nowak, D Ebert, RM May (1995). The population dynamics of vertically and horizontally transmitted parasites. Proc R Soc B 260: 321-327. (PDF)
  48. May RM, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1995). Spatial games and evolution of cooperation. In Advances in Artificial Life, eds. F Moran, A Moreno, J J Merelo, P Chacon. Berlin: Springer, 749-759.
  49. May RM, MA Nowak (1995). Coinfection and the evolution of parasite virulence. Proc R Soc B 261: 209-215. (PDF)
  50. McMichael AJ, S Rowland-Jones, P Klenerman, et al (1995). Epitope variation and T-cell recognition. J Cell Biochem Suppl S21A: 60.
  51. Nowak MA (1995). AIDS pathogenesis: From models to viral dynamics in patients. J Acq Immun Def Syn 10: S1-S5. (PDF)
  52. Nowak M (1995). Evolutionary dynamics of HIV infections. In Models for Infectious Human Diseases, eds. V Isham, G Medley. Cambridge University Press.
  53. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, C Loveday, P Balfe, M Semple, S Kaye, M Tenant-Flowers, R Tedder (1995). HIV results in the frame: Results confirmed. Nature 375: 193. (PDF)
  54. Nowak MA, RM May, RE Phillips, S Rowland-Jones, DG Lalloo, S McAdam, P Klenerman, B Köppe, K Sigmund, CRM Bangham, AJ McMichael (1995). Antigenic oscillations and shifting immunodominance in HIV-1 infections. Nature 375: 606-611. (PDF)
  55. Nowak MA, RM May, K Sigmund (1995). Immune responses against multiple epitopes. J theor Biol 175: 325-353. (PDF)
  56. Nowak MA, RM May, K Sigmund (1995). The arithmetics of mutual help. Sci Am 272: 76-81. (PDF)
  57. Nowak MA, AJ McMichael (1995). How HIV defeats the immune system. Sci Am 273: 58-65. (PDF)
  58. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1995). Invasion dynamics of the finitely repeated prisoner's dilemma. Game Econ Behav 11: 364-390. (PDF)
  59. Nowak M, K Sigmund, E El-Sedy (1995). Automata, repeated games and noise. J Math Biol 33: 703-722. (PDF)
  60. Wei X, SK Ghosh, ME Taylor, VA Johnson, EA Emini, P Deutsch, JD Lifson, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak, BH Hahn, MS Saag, GM Shaw (1995). Viral dynamics in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection. Nature 373: 117-122. (PDF)

    61. 1996

  61. Antia R, MA Nowak, RM Anderson (1996). Antigenic variation and the within-host dynamics of parasites. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 985-989. (PDF)
  62. Boerlijst MC, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1996). Viral quasi-species and recombination. Proc R Soc B 263: 1577-1584. (PDF)
  63. Bonhoeffer S, AVM Herz, MC Boerlijst, S Nee, MA Nowak, RM May (1996). Explaining "linguistic features" of noncoding DNA. Science 271: 14-15. (PDF)
  64. Bonhoeffer S, AVM Herz, MC Boerlijst, MA Nowak, RM May (1996). No signs of hidden language in noncoding DNA. Phys Rev Lett 76: 1977. (PDF)
  65. Herz AVM, S Bonhoeffer, RM Anderson, RM May, MA Nowak (1996). Viral dynamics in vivo: Limitations on estimates of intracellular delay and virus decay. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 7247-7251. (PDF)
  66. Klenerman P, RE Phillips, CR Rinaldo, LM Wahl, RM May, AJ McMichael, MA Nowak (1996). Cytotoxic T lymphocytes and viral turnover in HIV type 1 infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 15323-15328. (PDF)
  67. Lipsitch M, S Siller, MA Nowak (1996). The evolution of virulence in pathogens with vertical and horizontal transmission. Evolution 50: 1729-1741. (PDF)
  68. McMichael AJ, P Goulder, S Rowland-Jones, MA Nowak, R Philips (1996). HIV escapes from cytotoxic lymphocytes. Immunology 89: 111.
  69. Nowak MA (1996). Immune responses against multiple epitopes: A theory for immunodominance and antigenic variation. Semin Virol 7: 83-92. (PDF)
  70. Nowak MA, RM Anderson, MC Boerlijst, S Bonhoeffer, RM May, AJ McMichael (1996). HIV-1 evolution and disease progression. Science 274: 1008-1011. (PDF)
  71. Nowak MA, CRM Bangham (1996). Population dynamics of immune responses to persistent viruses. Science 272: 74-79. (PDF)
  72. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, AM Hill, R Boehme, HC Thomas, H McDade (1996). Viral dynamics in hepatitis B virus infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 4398-4402. (PDF)
  73. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, RM May (1996). Reply to Robustness of cooperation, A Mukherji, V Rajan, J Slagle. Nature 379: 126. (PDF)
  74. Payne RJH, MA Nowak, B Blumberg (1996). The dynamics of hepatitis B virus infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 93: 6542-6546. (PDF)
  75. Stekel DJ, MA Nowak, TRE Southwood (1996). Prediction of future BSE spread. Nature 381: 119. (PDF)
  76. Tilman D, C Lehman, R May, M Nowak (1996). Reply to Species fragmentation or area loss? S Budiansky. Nature 382: 216. (PDF)

    77. 1997

  77. Bittner B, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1997). Virus load and antigenic diversity. B Math Biol 59: 881-896. (PDF)
  78. Boerlijst MC, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (1997). Equal pay for all prisoners. Am Math Mon 104: 303-305. (PDF)
  79. Boerlijst MC, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (1997). The logic of contrition. J theor Biol 185: 281-293. (PDF)
  80. Bonhoeffer S, J Coffin, MA Nowak (1997). Human immunodeficiency virus drug therapy and virus load. J Virol 71: 3275-3278. (PDF)
  81. Bonhoeffer S, RM May, GM Shaw, MA Nowak (1997). Virus dynamics and drug therapy. P Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 6971-6976. (PDF)
  82. Bonhoeffer S, MA Nowak (1997). Pre-existence and emergence of drug resistance in HIV-1 infection. Proc R Soc B 264: 631-637. (PDF)
  83. Chun T-W, Stuyver L, Mizell S B, Ehler L A, Mican J A M, Baseler M, Lloyd A L, Nowak M A, Fauci A S (1997). Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. P Natl Acad Sci USA 94: 13193-13197. (PDF)
  84. Cooke J, MA Nowak, MC Boerlijst, J Maynard Smith (1997). Evolutionary origins and maintenance of redundant gene expression during metazoan development. Trends Genet 13: 360-364. (PDF)
  85. Goulder PJR, RE Phillips, RA Colbert, S McAdam, G Ogg, MA Nowak, P Giangrande, G Luzzi, B Morgan, A Edwards, AJ McMichael, S Rowland-Jones (1997). Late escape from an immunodominant cytotoxic T-lymphocyte response associated with progression to AIDS. Nat Med 3: 212-217. (PDF)
  86. Goulder P, D Price, M Nowak, S Rowland-Jones, R Phillips, and A McMichael (1997). Co-evolution of human immunodeficiency virus and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses. Immunol Rev 159: 17-29.
  87. Lifson JD, MA Nowak, S Goldstein, JL Rossio, A Kinter, G Vasquez, TA Wiltrout, C Brown, D Schneider, L Wahl, AL Lloyd, J Williams, WR Elkins, AS Fauci, VM Hirsch (1997). The extent of early viral replication is a critical determinant of the natural history of simian immunodeficiency virus infection. J Virol 71: 9508-9514. (PDF)
  88. May RM, DJ Stekel, MA Nowak (1997). Antigenic diversity thresholds and hazard functions. Math Biosci 139: 59-68. (PDF)
  89. Nowak MA, MC Boerlijst, J Cooke, J Maynard Smith (1997). Evolution of genetic redundancy. Nature 388: 167-171. (PDF)
  90. Nowak MA, S Bonhoeffer, GM Shaw, RM May (1997). Anti-viral drug treatment: Dynamics of resistance in free virus and infected cell populations. J theor Biol 184: 203-217. (PDF)
  91. Nowak MA, AL Lloyd, G Vasquez, TA Wiltrout, LM Wahl, N Bischofsberger, J Williams, A Kinter, AS Fauci, VM Hirsch, JD Lifson (1997). Viral dynamics of primary viremia and antiretroviral therapy in simian immunodeficiency virus infection. J Virol 71: 7518-7525. (PDF)
  92. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (1997). The natural history of mutual aid: An eye for an eye, and a meal for a meal. In Wissenschaft als Kultur, ed. F Stadler. New York: Springer Verlag, 259-272.
  93. Stekel D, C Parker, MA Nowak (1997). A model of lymphocyte recirculation. Immunol Today 18: 216-221. (PDF)
  94. Wein LM, SA Zenios, MA Nowak (1997). Dynamic multidrug therapies for HIV: A control theoretic approach. J theor Biol 185: 15-29. (PDF)

    95. 1998

  95. Goh WC, ME Rogel, CM Kinsey, SF Michael, PN Fultz, MA Nowak, BH Hahn, M Emerman (1998). HIV-1 Vpr increases viral expression by manipulation of the cell cycle: A mechanism for selection of Vpr in vivo. Nat Med 4: 65-71. (PDF)
  96. Kilby JM, S Hopkins, T Venetta, B DiMassimo, GA Cloud, JY Lee, L Alldredge, E Hunter, D Lambert, D Bolognesi, T Matthews, L Carder, MR Johnson, MA Nowak, GM Shaw, MS Saag (1998). Potent suppression of HIV-1 replication in humans by T-20, a peptide inhibitor of gp-41 mediated virus entry. Nat Med 4: 1302-1307. (PDF)
  97. Levin BR, R Antia, E Berliner, P Bloland, S Bonhoeffer, M Cohen, T DeRouin, PI Fields, H Jafari, D Jernigan, M Lipsitch, JE McGowan, P Mead, M Nowak, T Porco, P Sykora, L Simmonsen, J Spitznagel, R Tauxe, F Tenover (1998). Resistance to antimicrobial chemotherapy: A prescription for research and action. Am J Med Sci 315: 87-94. (PDF)
  98. Nowak MA, DC Krakauer, A Klug, RM May (1998). Prion infection dynamics. Integr Biol 1: 3-15. (PDF)
  99. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). Darwins dynamik. DMV-Mitteilungen 4: 37-44. (PDF)
  100. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). Evolution of indirect reciprocity by image scoring. Nature 393: 573-577. (PDF)
  101. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). The dynamics of indirect reciprocity. J theor Biol 194: 561-574. (PDF)
  102. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1998). What two legs can learn from four legs. Book review of Foundations of Social Evolution, SA Frank; Cooperation Among Animals, AL Dugatkin. Nature 395: 760-761. (PDF)
  103. Ogg GS, X Jin, S Bonhoeffer, PR Dunbar, MA Nowak, S Monard, J Segal, Y Cao, SL Rowland-Jones, V Cerundolo, A Hurley, M Markowitz, DD Ho, DF Nixon, AJ McMichael (1998). Quantitation of HIV-1 specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and plasma load of viral RNA. Science 279: 2103-2106. (PDF)
  104. Ostrowski MA, DC Krakauer, Y Li, SJ Justement, G Learn, LA Ehler, SK Stanley, MA Nowak, AS Fauci (1998). Effect of immune activation on the dynamics of human immunodeficiency virus replication and on the distribution of viral quasispecies. J Virol 72: 7772-7784. (PDF)
  105. Regoes RR, D Wodarz, MA Nowak (1998). Virus dynamics: The effect of target cell limitation and immune responses on virus evolution. J theor Biol 191: 451-462. (PDF)
  106. Ribeiro RM, S Bonhoeffer, MA Nowak (1998). The frequency of resistant mutant virus before antiviral therapy. AIDS 12: 461-465. (PDF)
  107. Sigmund K, M Boerlijst, MA Nowak (1998). Automata and inner states for repeated games. In Game Theory, Experience, Rationality, eds. W Leinfeller, E Koehler. London: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 131-139.
  108. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (1998). Cyber-sociology. Book review of The Complexity of Cooperation: Agent-Based Models of Competition and Collaboration, R Axelrod. Nature 392: 457. (PDF)
  109. Wodarz D, P Klenerman, MA Nowak (1998). Dynamics of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte exhaustion. Proc R Soc B 265: 191-203. (PDF)
  110. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1998). Mathematical models of virus dynamics and resistance. J HIV Ther 3: 36-41. (PDF)
  111. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1998). The effect of different immune responses on the evolution of virulent CXCR4-tropic HIV. Proc R Soc B 265: 2149-2158. (PDF)

    112. 1999

  112. Arnaout RA, AL Lloyd, TR O'Brien, JJ Goedert, JM Leonard, MA Nowak (1999). A simple relationship between viral load and survival time in HIV-1 infection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 11549-11553. (PDF)
  113. Bangham CRM, SE Hall, KJM Jeffery, AM Vine, A Witkover, MA Nowak, D Wodarz, K Ususku, M Osame (1999). Genetic control and dynamics of the cellular immune response to the human T-cell leukaemia virus, HTLV-I. Phil Trans R Soc B 354: 691-700. (PDF)
  114. Callaway DS, RM Ribeiro, MA Nowak (1999). Virus phenotype switching and disease progression in HIV-1 infection. Proc R Soc B 266: 2523-2530. (PDF)
  115. Hockett RD, JM Kilby, CA Derdeyn, MS Saag, M Sillers, K Squires, S Chiz, MA Nowak, GM Shaw, RP Bucy (1999). Constant mean viral copy number per infected cell in tissues regardless of high, low, or undetectable plasma HIV RNA. J Exp Med 189: 1545-1554. (PDF)
  116. Jefferey KJM, K Usuku, SE Hall, W Matsumoto, GP Taylor, J Proctor, M Bunce, GS Ogg, KI Welsh, JN Weber, AL Lloyd, MA Nowak, M Nagai, D Kodama, S Izumo, M Osame, CRM Bangham (1999). HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 3848-3853. (PDF)
  117. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (1999). Evolutionary preservation of redundant duplicated genes. Semin Cell Dev Biol 10: 555-559. (PDF)
  118. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (1999). T-cell induced pathogenesis in HIV: Bystander effects and latent infection. Proc R Soc B 266: 1069-1075. (PDF)
  119. Masel J, VAA Jansen, MA Nowak (1999). Quantifying the kinetic parameters of prion replication. Biophys Chem 77: 139-152. (PDF)
  120. Nowak MA (1999). The mathematical biology of human infections. Conserv Ecol 3: 12. (online version)
  121. Nowak MA, DC Krakauer (1999). The evolution of language. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 8028-8033. (PDF)
  122. Nowak MA, DC Krakauer, A Dress (1999). An error limit for the evolution of language. Proc R Soc B 266: 2131-2136. (PDF)
  123. Nowak MA, J Plotkin, D Krakauer (1999). The evolutionary language game. J theor Biol 200: 147-162. (PDF)
  124. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1999). Aux racines de la coopération. Recherche 325: 38-39. (PDF)
  125. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (1999). Phage-lift for game theory. Nature 398: 367-368. (PDF)
  126. Ogg GS, X Jin, S Bonhoeffer, P Moss, MA Nowak, S Monard, JP Segal, Y Cao, SL Rowland-Jones, A Hurley, M Markowitz, DD Ho, AJ McMichael, DF Nixon (1999). Decay kinetics of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-specific effector cytotoxic T lymphocytes after combination antiretroviral therapy. J Virol 73: 797-800. (PDF)
  127. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (1999). Evolutionary game theory. Curr Biol 9: R503-R505. (PDF)
  128. Taylor GP, SE Hall, S Navarette, CA Michie, R Davis, AD Witkover, M Rossor, MA Nowak, P Rudge, E Matutes, CRM Bangham, JN Weber (1999). Effect of lamivudine on human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)  DNA copy number, T-cell phenotype, and anti-Tax cytotoxic T-cell frequency in patients with HTLV-1-associated myelopathy. J Virol 73: 10289-10295. (PDF)
  129. Wahl LM, MA Nowak (1999). The continuous prisoner's dilemma: I. Linear reactive strategies. J theor Biol 200: 307-321. (PDF)
  130. Wahl LM, MA Nowak (1999). The continuous prisoner's dilemma: II. Linear reactive strategies with noise. J theor Biol 200: 323-338. (PDF)
  131. Wodarz D, AL Lloyd, VAA Jansen, MA Nowak (1999). Dynamics of macrophage and T cell infection by HIV. J theor Biol 196: 101-113. (PDF)
  132. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Dynamics of HIV pathogenesis and treatment. In Origin and Evolution of Viruses, eds. E Domingo, R Webster, J Holland. London: Academic Press, 197-223.
  133. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Dynamics of immune escape in HIV infection. Wien Klin Wochenschr 111: 419-427. (PDF)
  134. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Evolutionary dynamics of HIV-1 induced subversion of the immune response. Immunol Rev 168: 75-89. (PDF)
  135. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (1999). Specific therapy regimes could lead to long-term immunological control of HIV. P Natl Acad Sci USA 96: 14464-14469. (PDF)
  136. Wodarz D, MA Nowak, CRM Bangham (1999). The dynamics of HTLV-I and the CTL response. Immunol Today 20: 220-227. (PDF)

    137. 2000

  137. Arnaout R, MA Nowak (2000). Competitive coexistence in antiviral immunity. J theor Biol 204: 431-441. (PDF)
  138. Arnaout R, MA Nowak, D Wodarz (2000). HIV-1 dynamics revisited: Biphasic decay by cytotoxic T lymphocyte killing? Proc R Soc B 267: 1347-1354. (PDF)
  139. Barchet W, S Oehen, P Klenerman, D Wodarz, GA Bocharov, AL Lloyd, MA Nowak, H Hengartner, RM Zinkernagel, S Ehl (2000). Direct quantitation of rapid elimination of viral antigen-positive lymphocytes by antiviral CD8+ T cells in vivo. Eur J Immunol 30: 1356-1363. (PDF)
  140. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (2000). Book review of Fragile Dominion: Complexity and the Commons, S Levin. Not Am Math Soc 47: 564-568. (PDF)
  141. Lifson JD, JL Rossio, R Arnaout, L Li, TL Parks, DM Schneider, RF Kiser, VJ Coalter, G Walsh,RJ Imming, B Fisher, BM Flynn, N Bischofsberger, M Piatak, VM Hirsch, MA Nowak, D Wodarz D (2000). Containment of simian immunodeficiency virus infection: Cellular immune responses and protection from rechallenge following transient post-inoculation antiretroviral treatment. J Virol 74: 2584-2593. (PDF)
  142. Nowak MA (2000). Evolutionary biology of language. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 1615-1622. (PDF)
  143. Nowak MA (2000). Homo grammaticus. Nat Hist 109: 36-44. (PDF)
  144. Nowak MA (2000). The basic reproductive ratio of a word, the maximum size of a lexicon. J theor Biol 204: 179-189. (PDF)
  145. Nowak MA, RM May (2000). Virus Dynamics. Oxford University Press.
  146. Nowak MA, KM Page, K Sigmund (2000). Fairness versus reason in the ultimatum game. Science 289: 1773-1775. (PDF)
  147. Nowak MA, JB Plotkin, VAA Jansen (2000). The evolution of syntactic communication. Nature 404: 495-498. (PDF)
  148. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2000). Cooperation versus competition. Financ Anal J 56: 13-22. (PDF)
  149. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2000). Games on grids. In The Geometry of Ecological Interactions, eds. U Dieckmann, R Law, JAJ Metz. Cambridge University Press, 135-150. (PDF)
  150. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2000). Shrewd investments. Science 288: 819-820. (PDF)
  151. Page KM, MA Nowak (2000). A generalized adaptive dynamics framework can explain the evolutionary ultimatum game. J theor Biol 209: 173-179. (PDF)
  152. Page KM, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (2000). The spatial ultimatum game. Proc R Soc B 267: 2177-2182. (PDF)
  153. Plotkin JB, MA Nowak (2000). Language evolution and information theory. J theor Biol 205: 147-159. (PDF)
  154. Plotkin JB, MD Potts, DW Yu, S Bunyavejchewin, R Condit, R Foster, S Hubbell, J LaFrankie, N Manokaran, L Hua Seng, R Sukumar, MA Nowak, PS Ashton (2000). Predicting species diversity in tropical forests. P Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 10850-10854. (PDF)
  155. Regoes RR, MA Nowak, S Bonhoeffer (2000). Evolution of virulence in a heterogeneous host population. Evolution 54: 64-71. (PDF)
  156. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (2000). A tale of two selves. Science 290: 949-950. (PDF)
  157. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (2000). Playing for keeps. Book review of Game Theory Evolving: A Problem-Centered Introduction to Modeling Strategic Interaction, H Gintis. Science 290: 281. (PDF)
  158. Trapa PE, MA Nowak (2000). Nash equilibria for an evolutionary language game. J Math Biol 41: 172-188. (PDF)
  159. Wahl LM, B Bitter, MA Nowak (2000). Immunological transitions in response to antigenic mutation during viral infection. Int Immunol 12: 1371-1380. (PDF)
  160. Wahl LM, MA Nowak (2000). Adherence and drug resistance: Predictions for therapy outcome. Proc R Soc B 267: 835-843. (PDF)
  161. Wodarz D, R Arnaout, MA Nowak, Lifson JD (2000). Transient antiretroviral treatment during acute simian immundeficiency virus infection facilitates long-term control of the virus. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 1021-1029. (PDF)
  162. Wodarz D, RM May, MA Nowak (2000). The role of antigen-independent persistence of memory cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Int Immunol 12: 467-477. (PDF)
  163. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). CD8 memory, immunodominance and antigenic escape. Eur J Immunol 30: 2704-2712. (PDF)
  164. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). Correlates of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-mediated virus control: Implications for immuno-suppressive infections and their treatment. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 1059-1070. (PDF)
  165. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). HIV therapy: Managing resistance. P Natl Acad Sci USA 97: 8193-8195. (PDF)
  166. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2000). Immune responses and viral phenotype: Do replication rate and cytopathogenicity influence virus load? J Theor Med 2: 113-127. (PDF)
  167. Wodarz D, KM Page, RA Arnaout, AR Thomson, JD Lifson, MA Nowak (2000). A new theory of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte memory: Implications for HIV treatment. Phil Trans R Soc B 355: 329-343. (PDF)

    168. 2001

  168. Komarova NL, P Niyogi, MA Nowak (2001). The evolutionary dynamics of grammar acquisition. J theor Biol 209: 43-59. (PDF)
  169. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2001). Natural selection of the critical period for language acquisition. Proc R Soc B 268: 1189-1196. (PDF)
  170. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2001). Evolutionary dynamics of the lexical matrix. B Math Biol 63: 451-484. (PDF)
  171. Krakauer DC, MA Nowak (2001). Genetic redundancy. In Encyclopedia of Genetics, eds. S Brenner, J Miller. London: Academic Press, 845-846.
  172. Lifson JD, JL Rossio, M Piatak, T Parks, L Li, R Kiser, V Coalter, B Fisher, BM Flynn, VM Hirsch, RE Means, S Czajak, KA Reimann, JE Schmitz, J Ghrayeb, N Bischofsberger, MA Nowak, RC Desrosiers, D Wodarz (2001). Role of CD8+ lymphocytes in control of simian immunodeficiency virus infection and resistance to rechallenge after transient early antiretroviral treatment. J Virol 75: 10187-10199. (PDF)
  173. Nowak MA, NL Komarova (2001). Towards an evolutionary theory of language. Trends Cogn Sci 5: 288-295. (PDF)
  174. Nowak MA, NL Komarova, P Niyogi (2001). Evolution of universal grammar. Science 291: 114-118. (PDF)
  175. Plotkin JB, MA Nowak (2001). Major transitions in language evolution. Entropy 3: 227-246. (PDF)
  176. Sigmund K, C Hauert, MA Nowak (2001). Reward and punishment. P Natl Acad Sci USA 98: 10757-10762. (PDF)
  177. Sigmund K, MA Nowak (2001). Tides of tolerence. Nature 414: 403-405. (PDF)
  178. Wodarz D, SE Hall, K Usuku, M Osame, GS Ogg, AJ McMichael, MA Nowak, CRM Bangham (2001). Cytotoxic T-cell abundance and virus load in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and human T-cell leukaemia virus type 1. Proc R Soc B 268: 1215-1221. (PDF)

    179. 2002

  179. Belz GT, D Wodarz, G Diaz, MA Nowak, PC Doherty (2002). Compromised influenza virus-specific CD8+-T-cell memory in CD4+-T-cell-deficient mice. J Virol 76: 12388-12393. (PDF)
  180. Komarova NL, C Lengauer, B Vogelstein, MA Nowak (2002). Dynamics of genetic instability in sporadic and familial colorectal cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 1: 685-692. (PDF)
  181. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2002). Population dynamics of grammar acquisition. In Simulating the Evolution of Language, eds. A Cangelosi, D Parisi. London: Springer Verlag, 149-163.
  182. Michor F, MA Nowak (2002). Evolution: The good, the bad and the lonely. Nature 419: 677-679. (PDF)
  183. Michor F, MA Nowak (2002). Immunology tomorrow. Book review of Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease, SA Frank. Nature 420: 741-742. (PDF)
  184. Nowak MA (2002). From quasispecies to universal grammar. Z Phys Chem 16: 5-20. (PDF)
  185. Nowak MA, NL Komarova, P Niyogi (2002). Computational and evolutionary aspects of language. Nature 417: 611-617. (PDF)
  186. Nowak MA, NL Komarova, A Sengupta, PF Jallepalli, IM Shih, B Vogelstein, C Lengauer (2002). The role of chromosomal instability in tumor initiation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 99: 16226-16231. (PDF)
  187. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2002). Bacterial game dynamics. Nature 418: 138-139. (PDF)
  188. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2002). Super- and coinfection: The two extremes. In Adaptive Dynamics of Infectious Diseases: In Pursuit of Virulence Management, eds. U Dieckmann, JAJ Metz, M Sabelis, K Sigmund. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 124-138. (PDF)
  189. Page KM, MA Nowak (2002). Empathy leads to fairness. B Math Biol 64: 1101-1116. (PDF)
  190. Page KM, MA Nowak (2002). Unifying evolutionary dynamics. J theor Biol 219: 93-98. (PDF)
  191. Plotkin JB, MA Nowak (2002). The different effects of apoptosis and DNA repair on tumorigenesis. J theor Biol 214: 453-467. (PDF)
  192. Sigmund K, E Fehr, MA Nowak (2002). The economics of fair play. Sci Am 286: 82-87. (PDF)
  193. Wodarz D, MA Nowak (2002). Mathematical models of HIV pathogenesis and treatment. Bioessays 24: 1178-1187. (PDF)

    194. 2003

  194. Frank SA, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2003). Patterns of cell division and the risk of cancer. Genetics 163: 1527-1532. (PDF)
  195. Frank SA, MA Nowak (2003). Developmental predisposition to cancer. Nature 422: 494. (PDF)
  196. Iwasa Y, F Michor, Nowak MA (2003). Evolutionary dynamics of escape from biomedical intervention. Proc R Soc B 270: 2573-2578. (PDF)
  197. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2003). Language dynamics in finite populations. J theor Biol 221: 445-457. (PDF)
  198. Komarova NL, MA Nowak (2003). Language, learning and evolution. In Language Evolution, eds. MH Christiansen, S Kirby. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 317-337.
  199. Komarova NL, A Sengupta, MA Nowak (2003) Mutation-selection networks of cancer initiation: Tumor suppressor genes and chromosomal instability. J theor Biol 223: 433-450. (PDF)
  200. Michor F, SA Frank, RM May, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2003). Somatic selection for and against cancer. J theor Biol 225: 377-382. (PDF)
  201. Michor F, Y Iwasa, NL Komarova, MA Nowak (2003). Local regulation of homeostasis favors chromosomal instability. Curr Biol 13: 581-584. (PDF)
  202. Michor F, MA Nowak, SA Frank, Y Iwasa (2003). Stochastic elimination of cancer cells. Proc R Soc B 270: 2017-2024. (PDF)
  203. Mitchener G, MA Nowak (2003). Competitive exclusion and coexistence of universal grammars. B Math Biol 65: 67-93. (PDF)
  204. Nowak MA, F Michor, Y Iwasa (2003). The linear process of somatic evolution. P Natl Acad Sci USA 100: 14966-14969. (PDF)
  205. Rajagopalan H, MA Nowak, B Vogelstein, C Lengauer (2003). The significance of unstable chromosomes in colorectal cancer. Nat Rev Cancer 3: 695-701. (PDF)
  206. Sasaki A, MA Nowak (2003). Mutation landscapes. J theor Biol 224: 241-247. (PDF)
  207. Wei X, JM Decker, S Wang, H Hui, JC Kappes, W Xiaoyun, JF Salazar, MG Salazar, JM Kilby, MS Saag, NL Komarova, MA Nowak, BH Hahn, PD Kwong, GM Shaw (2003). Antibody neutralization and escape by HIV-1. Nature 422: 307-312. (PDF)

    208. 2004

  208. Frank SA, MA Nowak(2004). Problems of somatic mutation and cancer. Bioessays 26: 291-299. (PDF)
  209. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2004). Evolutionary dynamics of invasion and escape. J theor Biol 226: 205-214. (PDF)
  210. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2004). Some basic properties of immune selection. J theor Biol 229: 179-188. (PDF).
  211. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2004). Stochastic tunnels in evolutionary dynamics. Genetics 166: 1571-1579. (PDF)
  212. Jones NA, X Wei, DR Flower, ML Wong, F Michor, MS Saag, BH Hahn, MA Nowak, GM Shaw, P Borrow (2004). Determinants of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 escape from the primary CD8+ cytotoxic Y lymphocyte response. J Exp Med 200: 1243-1256. (PDF)
  213. Matsen E, MA Nowak (2004). Win-stay, lose-shift in language learning from peers. P Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 18053-18057. (PDF)
  214. Michor F, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2004). Dynamics of cancer progression. Nat Rev Cancer 4: 197-205. (PDF)
  215. Michor F, Y Iwasa, H Rajagopalan, C Lengauer, MA Nowak (2004). Linear model of colon cancer initiation. Cell Cycle 3: 358-362. (PDF)
  216. Mitchener WG, MA Nowak (2004). Chaos and language. Proc R Soc B 271: 701-704. (PDF)
  217. Nowak MA (2004). Prisoners of the dilemma. Nature 427: 491. (PDF)
  218. Nowak MA (2004). Theory is available light. Curr Biol 14: R406-R407. (PDF)
  219. Nowak MA, F Michor, Y Iwasa (2004). Evolutionary dynamics of tumor suppressor gene inactivation. P Natl Acad Sci USA 101: 10635-10638. (PDF).
  220. Nowak MA, A Sasaki, C Taylor, D Fudenberg (2004). Emergence of cooperation and evolutionary stability in finite populations. Nature 428: 646-650. (PDF)
  221. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2004). Evolutionary dynamics of biological games. Science 303: 793-799. (PDF)
  222. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2004). Population dynamics in evolutionary ecology. In Life Sciences for the 21st Century, eds. E Keinan, I Schechter, M Sela. Weinham: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co.
  223. Taylor C, D Fudenberg, A Sasaki, MA Nowak (2004). Evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations. B Math Biol 66: 1621-1644. (PDF)

    224. 2005

  224. Imhof LA, D Fudenberg, MA Nowak (2005). Evolutionary cycles of cooperation and defection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 102: 10797-10800. (PDF)
  225. Iwasa Y, F Michor, NL Komarova, MA Nowak (2005). Population genetics of tumor suppressor genes. J theor Biol 233: 15-23. (PDF)
  226. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2005). Virus evolution within patients increases pathogenicity. J theor Biol 232: 17-26. (PDF)
  227. Lieberman E, C Hauert, MA Nowak (2005). Evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Nature 433: 312-316. (PDF)
  228. Michor F, TP Hughes, Y Iwasa, S Branford, NP Shah, CL Sawyers, MA Nowak (2005). Dynamics of chronic myeloid leukaemia. Nature 435: 1267-1270. (PDF)
  229. Michor F, Y Iwasa, C Lengauer, MA Nowak (2005). Dynamics of colorectal cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 15: 484-493. (PDF)
  230. Michor F, Y Iwasa, B Vogelstein, C Lengauer, MA Nowak (2005). Can chromosomal instability initiate tumorigenesis? Semin Cancer Biol 15: 43-45. (PDF)
  231. Nowak MA, NL Komarova (2005). The evolution of altruism: From game theory to human language. In Spiritual Information, ed. CL Harper Jr. Templeton Foundation Press, 308-314.
  232. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2005). Evolution of indirect reciprocity. Nature 437: 1291-1298. (PDF)
  233. Traulsen A, A Sengupta, MA Nowak (2005). Stochastic evolutionary dynamics on two levels. J theor Biol 235: 393-401. (PDF)
  234. Willensdorfer M, MA Nowak (2005). Mutation in evolutionary games can increase average fitness at equilibrium. J theor Biol 237: 355-362. (PDF)

    235. 2006

  235. Bürger R, M Willensdorfer, MA Nowak (2006). Why are phenotypic mutation rates much higher than genotypic mutation rates? Genetics 172: 197-206. (PDF)
  236. Dingli D, MA Nowak (2006). Infectious tumour cells. Nature 443: 35-36. (PDF)
  237. Fudenberg D, MA Nowak, C Taylor, LA Imhof (2006). Evolutionary game dynamics in finite populations with strong selection and weak mutation. Theor Popul Biol 70: 352-363. (PDF)
  238. Hauert C, F Michor, MA Nowak, M Doebeli (2006). Synergy and discounting of cooperation in social dilemmas. J theor Biol 239: 195-202. (PDF)
  239. Imhof LA, MA Nowak (2006). Evolutionary game dynamics in a Wright-Fisher process. J Math Biol 52: 667-681. (PDF)
  240. Iwasa Y, MA Nowak, F Michor (2006). Evolution of resistance during clonal expansion. Genetics 172: 2557-2566. (PDF)
  241. Michor F, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2006). The age incidence of chronic myeloid leukemia can be explained by a one-mutation model. P Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 14931-14934. (PDF)
  242. Michor F, MA Nowak, Y Iwasa (2006). Evolution of resistance to cancer therapy. Curr Pharm Design 12: 261-271. (PDF)
  243. Michor F, MA Nowak, Y Iwasa (2006). Stochastic dynamics of metastasis formation. J theor Biol 240: 521-530. (PDF)
  244. Nowak, MA (2006). Evolutionary Dynamics. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  245. Nowak MA (2006). Five rules for the evolution of cooperation. Science 314: 1560-1563. (PDF)
  246. Nowak MA, F Michor, Y Iwasa (2006). Genetic instability and clonal expansion. J theor Biol 241: 26-32. (PDF)
  247. Ohtsuki H, C Hauert, E Lieberman, MA Nowak (2006). A simple rule for the evolution of cooperation on graphs and social networks. Nature 441: 502-505. (PDF)
  248. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2006). Evolutionary games on cycles. Proc R Soc B 273: 2249-2256. (PDF)
  249. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2006). The replicator equation on graphs. J theor Biol 243: 86-97. (PDF)
  250. Pacheco JM, A Traulsen, MA Nowak (2006). Active linking in evolutionary games. J theor Biol 243: 437-443. (PDF)
  251. Pacheco JM, A Traulsen, MA Nowak (2006). Coevolution of strategy and structure in complex networks with dynamical linking. Phys Rev Lett 97: 258103. (PDF)
  252. Pfeiffer T, MA Nowak (2006). Climate change: All in the game. Nature 441: 583-584. (PDF)
  253. Pfeiffer T, MA Nowak (2006). Digital cows grazing on digital grounds. Curr Biol 16: R946-R949. (PDF)
  254. Taylor C, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2006). A symmetry of fixation times in evolutionary dynamics. J theor Biol 243: 245-251. (PDF)
  255. Taylor C, MA Nowak (2006). Evolutionary game dynamics with non-uniform interaction rates. Theor Popul Biol 69: 243-252. (PDF)
  256. Traulsen A, MA Nowak (2006). Evolution of cooperation by multilevel selection. P Natl Acad Sci USA 103: 10952-10955. (PDF)
  257. Traulsen A, MA Nowak, JM Pacheco (2006). Stochastic dynamics of invasion and fixation. Phys Rev E 74: 011909. (PDF)

    258. 2007

  258. Beerenwinkel N, T Antal, D Dingli, A Traulsen, KW Kinzler, VE Velculescu, B Vogelstein, MA Nowak (2007). Genetic progression and the waiting time to cancer. PLoS Comput Biol 3: e225. (PDF)
  259. Hauert C, A Traulsen, H Brandt, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (2007). Via freedom to coercion: The emergence of costly punishment. Science 316: 1905-1907. (PDF)
  260. Imhof LA, D Fudenberg, MA Nowak (2007). Tit-for-tat or win-stay, lose-shift? J theor Biol 247: 574-580. (PDF)
  261. Iwasa Y, F Michor, MA Nowak (2007). Directional evolution of virus within a host under immune selection. In Mathematics for Life Science and Medicine, eds. Y Takeuchi, Y Iwasa, K Sato. Springer: New York.
  262. Lieberman E, JB Michel, J Jackson, T Tang, MA Nowak (2007). Quantifying the evolutionary dynamics of language. Nature 449: 713-716. (PDF)
  263. Nowak MA, S Roch (2007). Upstream reciprocity and the evolution of gratitude. Proc R Soc B 274: 605-609. (PDF)
  264. Nowak MA, K Sigmund (2007). How populations cohere: Five rules for cooperation. In Theoretical Ecology: Principles and Applications, eds. RM May, A McLean. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 7-16. (PDF)
  265. Ohtsuki H, P Bordalo, MA Nowak (2007). The one third law of evolutionary dynamics. J theor Biol 249: 289-295. (PDF)
  266. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2007). Direct reciprocity on graphs. J theor Biol 247: 462-470. (PDF)
  267. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak, JM Pacheco (2007). Breaking the symmetry between interaction and replacement in evolutionary dynamics on graphs. Phys Rev Lett 98: 108106. (PDF)
  268. Ohtsuki H, JM Pacheco, MA Nowak (2007). Evolutionary graph theory: Breaking the symmetry between interaction and replacement. J theor Biol 246: 681-694. (PDF)
  269. Taylor C, MA Nowak (2007). Transforming the dilemma. Evolution 61: 2281-2292. (PDF)
  270. Traulsen A, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2007). The fastest evolutionary trajectory. J theor Biol 249: 617-623. (PDF)
  271. Traulsen A, MA Nowak (2007). Chromodynamics of cooperation in finite populations. PLoS ONE 2: e270. (PDF)
  272. Traulsen A, MA Nowak, JM Pacheco (2007). Stochastic payoff evaluation increases the temperature of selection. J theor Biol 244: 349-356. (PDF)
  273. Traulsen A, JM Pacheco, MA Nowak (2007). Pairwise comparison and selection temperature in evolutionary game dynamics. J theor Biol 246: 522-529. (PDF)
  274. Willensdorfer M, R Bürger, MA Nowak (2007). Phenotypic mutation rates and the abundance of abnormal proteins in yeast. PLoS Comput Biol 3: e203. (PDF)

    275. 2008

  275. Dingli D, MA Nowak (2008). Evolutionary dynamics of cancer. Book review of Dynamics of Cancer: Incidence, Inheritance, and Evolution, SA Frank. Trends Ecol Evol 23: 254-255. (PDF)
  276. Dreber A, MA Nowak (2008). Gambling for global goods. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 2261-2262. (PDF)
  277. Dreber A, DG Rand, D Fudenberg, MA Nowak (2008). Winners don't punish. Nature 452: 348-351. (PDF)
  278. Fu F, C Hauert, MA Nowak, L Wang (2008). Reputation-based partner choice promotes cooperation in social networks. Phys Rev E 78: 026117. (PDF) appears in Vir J Bio Phys Res 16(5).
  279. Hauert C, A Traulsen, H Brandt, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (2008). Public goods with punishment and abstaining in finite and infinite populations. Biological Theory 3(2): 114–122. (PDF)
  280. Jones S, W Chen, G Parmigiani, F Diehl, N Beerenwinkel, T Antal, A Traulsen, MA Nowak, C Siegel, VE Velculescu, KW Kinzler, B Vogelstein, J Willis, SD Markowitz (2008). Comparative lesion sequencing provides insights into tumor evolution. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 4283-4288. (PDF)
  281. Langer P, MA Nowak, C Hauert (2008). Spatial invasion of cooperation. J theor Biol 250: 634-641. (PDF)
  282. Nowak MA (2008). Generosity: A winner's advice. Nature. 456: 579. (PDF)
  283. Nowak MA, H Ohtsuki (2008). Prevolutionary dynamics and the origin of evolution. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 14924-14927. (PDF)
  284. Ohtsuki H, MA Nowak (2008). Evolutionary stability on graphs. J theor Biol 251: 698-707. (PDF)
  285. Pacheco JM, A Traulsen, H Ohtsuki, MA Nowak (2008). Repeated games and direct reciprocity under active linking. J theor Biol 250: 723-731. (PDF)
  286. Pinker S, MA Nowak, JJ Lee (2008). The logic of indirect speech. P Natl Acad Sci USA 105: 833-838. (PDF)
  287. Traulsen A, N Shoresh, MA Nowak (2008). Analytical results for individual and group selection of any intensity. B Math Biol 70: 1410-1424. (PDF)

    288. 2009

  288. Antal T, H Ohtsuki, J Wakeley, PD Taylor, MA Nowak (2009). Evolution of cooperation by phenotypic similarity. P Natl Acad Sci USA P Natl Acad Sci USA 106: 8597-8600. (PDF)
  289. Antal T, MA Nowak, A Traulsen (2009). Strategy abundance in 2x2 games for arbitrary mutation rates. J theor Biol 257: 340-344. (PDF)
  290. Antal T, A Traulsen, H Ohtsuki, CE Tarnita, MA Nowak (2009). Mutation–selection equilibrium in games with multiple strategies. J theor Biol 258: 614-622. (PDF)
  291. Fu F, L Wang, MA Nowak, C Hauert (2009). Evolutionary dynamics on graphs: Efficient method for weak selection. Phys Rev E 79: 046707. (PDF)
  292. Manapat M, H Ohtsuki, R Bürger, MA Nowak (2009). Originator dynamics. J theor Biol 256: 586–595. (PDF)
  293. Ohtsuki H, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak (2009). Indirect reciprocity provides only a narrow margin for efficiency for costly punishment. Nature 457: 79-82. (PDF)
  294. Rand DG, H Ohtsuki, MA Nowak (2009). Direct reciprocity with costly punishment: Generous tit-for-tat prevails. J theor Biol 256: 45–57. (PDF)
  295. Tarnita CE, T Antal, H Ohtsuki, MA Nowak (2009). Evolutionary dynamics in set structured populations. P Natl Acad Sci USA 106: 8601-8604. (PDF)
  296. Traulsen A, C Hauert, H Brandt De Silva, MA Nowak, K Sigmund (2009). Exploration dynamics in evolutionary games. P Natl Acad Sci USA 106: 709-712. (PDF)
  297. Wakano JY, MA Nowak, C Hauert (2009). Spatial dynamics of ecological public goods. P Natl Acad Sci USA 106: 7810-7914. (PDF)
  298. Gokhale CS, Y Iwasa, MA Nowak, A Traulsen (2009). The pace of evolution across fitness valleys. J theor Biol (in press). (PDF)
  299. Tarnita CE, H Ohtsuki,T Antal, F Fu, MA Nowak (2009). Strategy selection in structured populations. J theor Biol (in press). (PDF)
  300. Taylor C, MA Nowak (2009). How to evolve cooperation. In Games, Groups, and the Global Good, ed. S Levin. New York: Springer-Verlag (in press).

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